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The behavior of an electron spin interacting with a linearly polarized laserfield is analyzed. In contrast to previous considerations of the problem, theinitial state of the electron represents a localized wave packet, and a spatialenvelope is introduced for the laser pulse, which allows one to take intoaccount the finite size of both objects. Special attention is paid toultrashort pulses possessing a high degree of unipolarity. Within a classicaltreatment (both nonrelativistic and relativistic), proportionality between thechange of the electron spin projections and the electric field area of thepulse is clearly demonstrated. We also perform calculations of the electronspin dynamics according to the Dirac equation. Evolving the electron wavefunction in time, we compute the mean values of the spin operator in variousforms. It is shown that the classical relativistic predictions are accuratelyreproduced when using the Foldy-Wouthuysen operator. The same results areobtained when using the Lorentz transformation and the nonrelativistic (Pauli)spin operator in the particle's rest frame.

Relativistic electron spin dynamics in a strong unipolar laser field