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SUMMARY: Bacterial cultures in media with a low (0.38%, w/v) initial glucose concentration showed much smaller pH changes during growth than cultures grown in media with excess (1.25%, w/v) glucose. Increasing the concentration of the phosphate or volatile fatty acid salt (VFA salt, i.e. acetate, propionate or butyrate) in the media had no beneficial effect on cultures of Streptococcus bovis or Lactobacillus plantarum which had only minor falls in pH during growth (final pH ≧ 6.0), but increased the dry weight yield (but not the molar growth yield) of cultures which had major pH falls (final pH ≦ 4.6) during growth. The improvements in dry weight yield could be correlated with increases in the pH buffering capacity of media caused by the increased phosphate or VFA salt concentration.The response of Bacteroides ruminicola to increases in the phosphate concentration of media was qualitatively similar to that of S. bovis. However, VFA salts (particularly acetate) always decreased both dry weight and molar growth yield. The effects of VFA salts on three other rumen bacteria, Butyrivibrio fibrisol-vens, Megasphaera elsdenii and Veillonella alcalescens, were varied. The possible mechanisms and ecological implications of the effects of these compounds are discussed.

Some Effects of Phosphate and Volatile Fatty Acid Salts on the Growth of Rumen Bacteria