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In 1967, Perigo, Whiting & Bashford reported that nitrite heated in a complex laboratory medium was more inhibitory to Clostridium sporogenes than was unheated nitrite, and that the inhibitory activity of this heated nitrite system differed in several respects from a system containing unheated nitrite. These observations have been subsequently confirmed by Perigo & Roberts (1968), and by Johnston, Pivnick & Samson (1969). Perigo & Roberts (1968) examined the inhibitory activity of heated systems of media and nitrite against a range of clostridia, and showed that the thermally induced inhibitor (Perigo type factor; PTF) was effective against a number of strains of Clostridium botulinum (types A, B, E and F), Cl. welchii, Cl. tetani, Cl. bifermentans, Cl. septicum and Cl. histolyticum. In addition Roberts & Garcia (1973) have shown that whilst the PTF is effective against some Bacillus species, other strains of Bacillus and several strains of Salmonella were resistant to the inhibitor. Investigations have been made into the role of PTFs in both meat and culture-medium systems which have been given either sterilization or pasteurization heat treatments (Ashworth & Spencer, I 972 ; Ashworth, Hargreaves & Jarvis, I 973). Preliminary chemical characterization of the PTF from various culture medium systems indicated some similarity with a range of iron nitrosyl co-ordination complexes described originally by Roussin (I 858). The antimicrobial activity of tri-~,-thio-mononitrosyl-tris(dinitrosyl)tetraferrate (Roussin black salt) has been studied previously against a range of micro-organisms (Dobry & Boyer, 1944; Candeli & Mancini, 1948; Candeli, 1949). During the course of our own work it was necessary to develop a rapid and sensitive microbiological assay for the PTF (Ashworth, Hargreaves, Rosser & Jarvis, 1974). This paper reports studies of the chemical properties and the antimicrobial spectrum of Roussin black salt and of the PTFs from various culturemedia systems.

Chemical and Microbiological Comparisons of Inhibitors Derived Thermally from Nitrite with an Iron Thionitrosyl (Roussin Black Salt)