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The effects of Endocronartium harknessii on provenances of Pinus ponderosa planted in 1969 on a coal strip-mine spoil bank in central Pennsylvania were reassessed. In 1982 infection levels among seed sources ranged from 4.9 to 52.5%. In 1991 infection levels ranged from 29 to 95%, and mortality due to rust infection ranged from 9 to 58% among these seed sources. Levels of infection, mortality due to rust infection, and mortality unrelated to rust infection differed significantly among seed sources (P &lt; 0.001, &lt; 0.001, and = 0.023, respectively). Among geographic ecotypes, there were no significant differences among percentages of trees infected (P = 0.094), but there were significant differences among trees surviving outplanting (P = 0.007), mortality due to rust (P = 0.004), and mortality unrelated to rust (P &lt; 0.001). Only one provenance incurred less than 40% infection, indicating that virtually none of these types of provenances are suitable for reforestation in areas of eastern North America where E. harknessii occurs.

Susceptibility of Ponderosa Pine to Endocronartium harknessii and Other Causes of Mortality in Pennsylvania