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Heat stress negatively affects performance and intestinal integrity of pigs. The objective of this study was to characterize the effects of diurnal heat stress ( dHS ) on nursery-grower pig performance, intestinal integrity, and lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) translocation. Forty-eight nursery-grower gilts, individually penned, were randomly assigned to two treatments. Twenty-four pigs were then exposed to dHS for 3 d, 6 h at 38°C and 18 h at 32°C, at 40-60% humidity. The remaining pigs were maintained under thermal neutral ( TN ) conditions. Changes in pig rectal temperatures ( Tr ), respiration rates ( RR ), performance, and blood parameters were evaluated. Additionally, ex vivo ileum integrity was assessed with the Ussing chamber by measuring transepithelial resistance ( TER ), and 4 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate ( FITC )-dextran ( FD4 ) and FITC-LPS mucosal to serosal flux. As expected, dHS increased pig Tr and RR ( P &lt; 0.05) and reduced pig performance ( P &lt; 0.05) on the 3-d period. Compared with TN, ileum TER ( P = 0.04), FITC-LPS ( P &lt; 0.001), and FD4 ( P = 0.011) permeability were significantly increased due to dHS. Compared with TN pigs, dHS increased serum endotoxin by 150% ( P = 0.031). Altogether, 3-d dHS significantly reduced pig performance and intestinal integrity and increased blood endotoxin concentrations.

Diurnal heat stress reduces pig intestinal integrity and increases endotoxin translocation