English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Background The occurrence of reno-cardiac syndrome is associated with poor clinical outcome. Uremic toxins in chronic kidney diseases disrupt intestinal equilibrium and increase aerobic bacteria/anerobic bacteria ratio. As a result indoxyl sulphate level in blood increases and contributes to pathogenesis of reno-cardiac syndrome. Probiotic and symbiotic are anerobic bacteria that correct the intestinal equilibrium. Aim of work We aimed to study the pathogenesis of reno-cardiac syndrome and compare the possible protective effects of probiotics and symbiotic. Design 48 white albino rats were assigned into 6 groups: Sham group, 5/6 nephrectomy, early and late probiotic treated nephrectomy rats, early and late symbiotic treated nephrectomy rats. Methods Heart was exposed to 30 min ischemia followed by 30 min reperfusion. PT, TPT, HRT, HR and CBF were measured at 5, 15 and 30 min of reperfusion. We measured serum levels of creatinine, urea, indoxyl sulphate, and heart tissue level of TGF-β and NADPH. Results uremic toxins, TGF-β and NADPH levels were significantly increased in all groups compared to sham group. In treated groups, uremic toxins significantly decreased while TGF-β and NADPH levels increased compared to nephrectomy group. PT, TPT, HRT, HR and CBF of the heart at 30 min reperfusion were decreased in nephrectomy group compared to sham one, while these functions were improved in treated groups compared to nephrectomy one. Conclusion Use of probiotic and symbiotic in reno-cardiac syndrome can protect the heart by improving the intestinal barrier, antioxidant effects and decreasing indoxyl sulphate level. Symbiotic had better outcomes than probiotic.

Probiotic versus Symbiotic in cardiac protection against indoxyl sulphate and urea toxins in experimental model of chronic kidney disease in rats