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Chronic cyclosporine A (CsA) nephropathy is a well described side effect of CsA treatment. CsA has been shown to induce the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in mesangial cells (MCs) in vitro, and glomerulosclerosis in vivo. Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) is a potent stimulus for the synthesis of ECM proteins in MCs. We investigated whether CsA up-regulates the expression of TGF-beta1 and its receptors type I (TbetaR-I) and type II (TbetaR-II) in cultured rat MCs, and whether this effect translates into enhanced matrix protein accumulation.

Cyclosporine A up-regulates the expression of TGF-beta1 and its receptors type I and type II in rat mesangial cells