English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Type IIP supernova progenitors are often surrounded by dense circumstellarmedia that may result from mass-loss enhancement of the progenitors shortlybefore their explosions. Previous light-curve studies suggest that themass-loss rates are enhanced up to ~ 0.1 Msun/yr, assuming a constant windvelocity. However, density of circumstellar media at the immediate stellarvicinity can be much higher than previously inferred for a given mass-loss rateif wind acceleration is taken into account. We show that the wind accelerationhas a huge impact when we estimate mass-loss rates from early light curves ofType IIP supernovae by taking SN 2013fs as an example. We perform numericalcalculations of the interaction between supernova ejecta and circumstellarmedia with a constant mass-loss rate but with a beta-law wind velocity profile.We find that the mass-loss rate of the progenitor of SN 2013fs shortly beforethe explosion, which was inferred to be ~ 0.1 Msun/yr with a constant windvelocity of 10 km/s by a previous light-curve modeling, can be as low as ~ 1e-3Msun/yr with the same terminal wind velocity of 10 km/s but with a windvelocity profile with beta ~ 5. In both cases, the mass of the circumstellarmedium is similar (~ 0.5 Msun). Therefore, the beginning of the progenitor'smass-loss enhancement in our interpretation is ~ 100 years before theexplosion, not several years. Our result indicates that the immediate denseenvironment of Type II supernova progenitors may be significantly influenced bywind acceleration.

Immediate dense circumstellar environment of supernova progenitors caused by wind acceleration: its effect on supernova light curves