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We introduce the largest to date survey of massive quiescent galaxies atredshift z~1.6. With these data, which cover 27.6 deg^2, we can findsignificant numbers of very rare objects such as ultra-massive quiescentgalaxies that populate the extreme massive end of the galaxy mass function, ordense environments that are likely to become present-day massive galaxyclusters. In this paper, the first in a series, we apply our gzK adaptation ofthe BzK technique to select our z~1.6 galaxy catalog and then study thequiescent galaxy stellar mass function with good statistics over M_stars ~10^10.2 - 10^11.7 M_sun --- a factor of 30 in mass --- including 60ultra-massive z~1.6 quiescent galaxies with M_stars > 10^11.5 M_sun. We findthat the stellar mass function of quiescent galaxies at z~1.6 is wellrepresented by the Schechter function over this large mass range. This suggeststhat the mass quenching mechanism observed at lower redshifts must have alreadybeen well established by this epoch, and that it is likely due to a singlephysical mechanism over a wide range of mass. This close adherence to theSchechter shape also suggests that neither merging nor gravitational lensingsignificantly affect the observed quenched population. Finally, comparingmeasurements of M* parameters for quiescent and star-forming populations (oursand from the literature), we find hints of an offset (M*_SF > M*_PE), thatcould suggest that the efficiency of the quenching process evolves with time.

LARgE Survey. I. Dead Monsters: the Massive End of the Passive Galaxy Stellar Mass Function at Cosmic Noon