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Speciation of arsenic was determined in serum of 19 non-hemodialysis (non-HD) and 18 HD patients. The respective mean values of serum creatinine in these groups were 410 +/- 250 and 914 +/- 173 mumol/L (reference range for healthy subjects: females 50-80; males 57-93 mumol/L). The mean total arsenic concentrations were 5.12 +/-5.58 and 6.47 +/- 4.28 micrograms/L, respectively (reference value: 0.958 +/-1.52 micrograms/L). Dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and arsenobetaine (AsB) were the major As species in serum of the non-HD and HD patients, with mean values of 0.82 +/- 1.05 and 1.93 +/- 1.51 micrograms/L for DMA and 3.55 +/- 4.58 and 3.47 +/- 2.89 micrograms/L for AsB, respectively. Serum concentrations of inorganic As and monomethylarsonic acid in both groups were below the detection limits for these compounds. Measurement of As concentration before vs after 4 h of HD treatment indicated that 68% of total As in serum was removed, as was 16% of the total As in packed cells. The efficiency of DMA and AsB removal during dialysis corresponded to that of total As.

Accumulation of arsenic species in serum of patients with chronic renal disease