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Dr James (Jim) Alexander Miller, Professor Emeritus of Oncology at the University of Wisconsin (Madison) McArdle Laboratories for Cancer Research died on December 24, 2000 at the age of 85. His illustrious research career began in 1943, and was conducted between 1945 and 1987 with his first wife and research partner Elizabeth (Betty) Cavert Miller, and between 1987 and 1998 on his own. His research findings provided the foundations for our current knowledge of the metabolic activation and biological disposition of chemical carcinogens. The insights that were gained from the Millers’ research provided the basis for much of what we know today as chemical carcinogenesis, and have had profound influences in the areas of toxicology, pharmacology, cancer chemoprevention and the molecular epidemiology of human cancer. As much as it is a story of scientific brilliance and achievement, the story of Jim’s life is a lesson in courage, persistence, hard work and a profound capacity to love. Jim was born in Dormont, Pennsylvania, May 27, 1915, the fifth of six brothers. By 1930 he had lost his mother, a beloved Aunt, and two of his brothers, and his father had become unable to work. As the times were permeated by the Depression, Jim worked in a steel mill after high school and went to night school, before obtaining financial support from the National Youth Administration, part of Roosevelt’s New Deal. This funding, as well as help from his older brothers, provided an opportunity to attend the University of Pittsburgh where he obtained a B.S. in Chemistry with the highest honors in 1939. During his undergraduate years he worked part time for Professor Charles G.King, a pioneer in vitamin C research, and developed a passion for research through mentoring by both Dr King and his postdoctoral associate, Dr Max O.Schultze. Dr Schultze convinced Jim to apply for graduate school at his alma mater, the University of Wisconsin. In the fall of 1939 Jim entered the University of Wisconsin (Madison) Department of Biochemistry as a prestigious Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation (WARF) Scholar in the laboratory of Dr Carl A.Baumann. At the time Dr Baumann was using hydrocarbons and aminoazo dyes to produce tumors in rodents, and Jim studied the metabolism, structure–activity relationships and chemoprevention of these compounds, as well as the fluorescent properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. He obtained his PhD in 1943. In 1942, while working as a teaching assistant for a graduate level course in Biochemistry, Jim met and fell in love with one of his students, Elizabeth Cavert, who was also a WARF Scholar. Betty had graduated from the University of Minnesota with the highest honors, and Jim was impressed with everything about her. Due to the limited opportunities for women at that time, Betty had been shunted into a joint major, including both Biochemistry and Home Economics, and Jim intervened to

In memoriam: James A.Miller (1915–2000)