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Topological band structures can be designed by subjecting lattice systems totime-periodic modulations, as was recently demonstrated in cold atoms andphotonic crystals. However, changing the topological nature of Floquet Blochbands from trivial to non-trivial, by progressively launching thetime-modulation, is necessarily accompanied with gap-closing processes: thishas important consequences for the loading of particles into a target Floquetband with non-trivial topology, and hence, on the subsequent measurements. Inthis work, we analyse how such loading sequences can be optimized in view ofprobing the topology of Floquet bands through transport measurements. Inparticular, we demonstrate the robustness of center-of-mass responses, ascompared to current responses, which present important irregularities due to aninterplay between the micro-motion of the drive and inter-band interferenceeffects. The results presented in this work illustrate how probing thecenter-of-mass displacement of atomic clouds offers a reliable method to detectthe topology of Floquet bands, after realistic loading sequences.

Loading Ultracold Gases in Topological Floquet Bands: Current and Center-of-Mass Responses