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This study investigated the changes in the toxicity of chemical emissions from the US industrial sector over the 1998–2009 period. Specifically, we employed a multiregional input–output analysis framework and integrated a supply-side index decomposition analysis (IDA) with a demand-side structural decomposition analysis (SDA) to clarify the main drivers of changes in the toxicity of production- and consumption-based chemical emissions. The results showed that toxic emissions from the US industrial sector decreased by 83% over the studied period because of pollution abatement efforts adopted by US industries. A variety of pollution abatement efforts were used by different industries, and cleaner production in the mining sector and the use of alternative materials in the manufacture of transportation equipment represented the most important efforts.

Decomposition of toxicity emission changes on the demand and supply sides: empirical study of the US industrial sector