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The vortex lattice in MgB2 is characterized by the presence of long-livedmetastable states, which arise from cooling or heating across the equilibriumphase boundaries. A return to the equilibrium configuration can be achieved byinducing vortex motion. Here we report on small-angle neutron scatteringstudies of MgB2, focusing on the structural properties of the vortex lattice asit is gradually driven from metastable to equilibrium states by an AC magneticfield. Measurements were performed using initial metastable states obtainedeither by cooling or heating across the equilibrium phase transition. In allcases, the longitudinal correlation length remains constant and comparable tothe sample thickness. Correspondingly, the vortex lattice may be considered asa system of straight rods, where the formation and growth of equilibrium statedomains only occurs in the two-dimensional plane perpendicular to the appliedfield direction. Spatially resolved raster scans of the sample were performedwith apertures as small as 80 microns, corresponding to only 1.2*10^6 vorticesfor an applied field of 0.5 T. These revealed spatial variations in themetastable and equilibrium vortex lattice populations, but individual domainswere not directly resolved. A statistical analysis of the data indicates anupper limit on the average domain size of approximately 50 microns.

Structural studies of metastable and equilibrium vortex lattice domains in MgB2