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Recently, superconductivity at about 9-15K was discovered inNd$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_2$ infinite-layer thin films, which has stimulatedenormous interests in related rare-earth nickelates. Usually, the first step tosynthesize this 112 phase is to fabricate the RNiO$_3$ phase, however, it wasreported that the 113 phase is very difficult to be synthesized successfullydue to the formation of unusual Ni$^{3+}$ oxidation state. And the difficultyof preparation is enhanced as the ionic radius of rare-earth element decreases.In this work, we report the synthesis and investigation on multiple physicalproperties of polycrystalline perovskites Sm$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_3$ (x = 0, 0.2)in which the ionic radius of Sm$^{3+}$ is smaller than that of Pr$^{3+}$ andNd$^{3+}$ in related superconducting thin films. The structural andcompositional analyses conducted by X-ray diffraction and energy dispersiveX-ray spectrum reveal that the samples mainly contain the perovskite phase ofSm$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_3$ with small amount of NiO impurities. Magnetization andresistivity measurements indicate that the parent phase SmNiO$_3$ undergoes aparamagnetic-antiferromagnetic transition at about 224K on a global insulatingbackground. In contrast, the Sr-doped sample Sm$_{0.8}$Sr$_{0.2}$NiO$_3$ showsa metallic behavior from 300K down to about 12K, while below 12K theresistivity exhibits a slight logarithmic increase. Meanwhile, from themagnetization curves, we can see that a possible spin-glass state occurs below12K in Sm$_{0.8}$Sr$_{0.2}$NiO$_3$. Using a soft chemical reduction method, wealso obtain the infinite-layer phase Sm$_{0.8}$Sr$_{0.2}$NiO$_2$ with squareNiO$_2$ planes. The compound shows an insulating behavior which can bedescribed by the three-dimensional variable-range-hopping model. Andsuperconductivity is still absent in the polycrystallineSm$_{0.8}$Sr$_{0.2}$NiO$_2$.

Synthesis and physical properties of perovskite Sm$_{1-x}$Sr$_x$NiO$_3$ (x = 0, 0.2) and infinite-layer Sm$_{0.8}$Sr$_{0.2}$NiO$_2$ nickelates