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The precise control and knowledge over the atomic dynamics is central to theadvancement of quantum technology. The different experimental conditionsnamely, atoms in a vacuum, an anti-relaxation coated and a buffer gas filledatomic cell provides complementary platform for such investigations. The extentof changes in optical pumping, velocity changing collision and hyperfinechanging collision rates associated with these conditions are discussed. Thereis a phenomenal change in the optical density by a factor of >25 times inpresence of a control field in buffer gas environment. In contrary to earlierreports, we found confinement induced enhanced optical pumping as the mechanismbehind the observed transparency in buffer gas cell. The feeble interplay ofradiation trapping under specific conditions are pointed out. The diffusivevelocity of atoms is measured to be ~25+-12 m/s and <= 8+-4 m/s foranti-relaxation coated and buffer gas filled cell respectively. The studieswill have useful application in measurements of relaxation rates, quantummemory, quantum repeaters and atomic devices.

Optical pumping and relaxation of atomic population in assorted conditions