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Beams of $^{4}$He and $^{16}$O nuclei are considered for ion-beam cancertherapy as alternative options to protons and $^{12}$C nuclei. Spread-out Braggpeak (SOBP) distributions of physical dose and relative biologicaleffectiveness for 10% survival are calculated by means of our Geant4-basedMonte Carlo model for Heavy Ion Therapy (MCHIT) and the modifiedmicrodosimetric kinetic model. The depth distributions of cell survivalfractions are calculated for $^{1}$H, $^{4}$He, $^{12}$C and $^{16}$O fortissues with normal (HSG cells), low and high radiosensitivity. In each casethe cell survival fractions were compared separately for the target volume,behind and in front of it. In the case of normal radiosensitivity $^{4}$He and$^{12}$C better spare tissues in the entrance channel compared to protons and$^{16}$O. The cell survival fractions calculated, respectively, for theentrance channel and target volume are similar for $^{4}$He and $^{12}$C. Whenit is important to spare healthy tissues located after the distal edge of theSOBP plateau, $^{4}$He can be recommended due to reduced nuclear fragmentationof these projectiles. No definite advantages of $^{16}$O with respect to$^{12}$C were found, with the except of an enhanced impact of these heavierprojectiles on radioresistant tumors.

physics in medicine and biology/physics in medicine and biology

Comparative study of RBE and cell survival fractions for $^{1}$H,  $^{4}$He, $^{12}$C and $^{16}$O beams using Geant4 and Microdosimetric  Kinetic model