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Purpose: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common eye tumor in childhood andcan be treated external radiotherapy. The purpose of this work is to evaluatethe adequacy of Monte Carlo simulations and the accuracy of a commercialtreatment planning system by means of experimental measurements. Dosemeasurements in water were performed using a dedicated collimator.  Methods: A 6MV Varian Clinac 2100 C/D and a dedicated collimator are used forRB treatment. The collimator conforms a D-shaped off-axis field whoseirradiated area can be either 5.2 or 3.1cm$^2$. Depth dose distributions andlateral profiles were measured and compared with Monte Carlo simulations runwith PENELOPE and with calculations performed with the analytical anisotropicalgorithm (AAA) using the gamma test.  Results: PENELOPE simulations agree well with the experimental data withdiscrepancies in the dose profiles less than 3mm of distance-to-agreement and3% of dose. Discrepancies between the results of AAA and the experimental datareach 3mm and 6%. The agreement in the penumbra region between AAA and theexperiment is noticeably worse than that between the latter and PENELOPE. Thepercentage of voxels passing the gamma test when comparing PENELOPE (AAA) andthe experiment is on average 99% (93%) assuming a 3mm distance-to-agreement anda discrepancy of 3% of dose.  Conclusions: Although the discrepancies between AAA and experimental resultsare noticeable, it is possible to consider this algorithm for routine treatmentplanning of RB patients, provided the limitations of the algorithm are knownand taken into account by the medical physicist. Monte Carlo simulation isessential for knowing these limitations. Monte Carlo simulation is required foroptimizing the treatment technique and the dedicated collimator.

A study of the irradiation technique used for the external beam radiotherapy of retinoblastoma