English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Making use of a set of detailed potential models for normal spiral galaxies,we analyze the disk stellar orbital dynamics as the structural and dynamicalparameters of the spiral arms (mass, pattern speed and pitch angle) aregradually modified. With this comprehensive study of ordered and chaoticbehavior, we constructed an assemblage of orbitally supported galactic modelsand plausible parameters for orbitally self-consistent spiral arms models. Wefind that, to maintain orbital support for the spiral arms, the spiral armmass, M$_{sp}$, must decrease with the increase of the pitch angle, $i$; if $i$is smaller than $\sim10\deg$, M$_{sp}$ can be as large as $\sim7\%$, $\sim6\%$,$\sim5\%$ of the disk mass, for Sa, Sb, and Sc galaxies, respectively. If $i$increases up to $\sim25\deg$, the maximum M$_{sp}$ is $\sim1\%$ of the diskmass independently in this case of morphological type. For values larger thanthese limits, spiral arms would likely act as transient features. Regarding thelimits posed by extreme chaotic behavior, we find a strong restriction on themaximum plausible values of spiral arms parameters on disk galaxies beyondwhich, chaotic behavior becomes pervasive. We find that for $i$ smaller than$\sim20\deg$, $\sim25\deg$, $\sim30\deg$, for Sa, Sb, and Sc galaxies,respectively, M$_{sp}$ can go up to $\sim10\%$, of the mass of the disk. If thecorresponding $i$ is around $\sim40\deg$, $\sim45\deg$, $\sim50\deg$, M$_{sp}$is $\sim1\%$, $\sim2\%$, $\sim3\%$ of the mass of the disk. Beyond thesevalues, chaos dominates phase space, destroying the main periodic and theneighboring quasi-periodic orbits.

Stellar Orbital Studies in Normal Spiral Galaxies II: Restrictions to Structural and Dynamical parameters on Spiral Arms