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We present extensive multi-wavelength observations of the extremely rapidlydeclining Type Ic supernova, SN 2005ek. Reaching a peak magnitude of M_R =-17.3 and decaying by ~3 mag in the first 15 days post-maximum, SN 2005ek isamong the fastest Type I supernovae observed to date. The spectra of SN 2005ekclosely resemble those of normal SN Ic, but with an accelerated evolution.There is evidence for the onset of nebular features at only nine dayspost-maximum. Spectroscopic modeling reveals an ejecta mass of ~0.3 Msun thatis dominated by oxygen (~80%), while the pseudo-bolometric light curve isconsistent with an explosion powered by ~0.03 Msun of radioactive Ni-56.Although previous rapidly evolving events (e.g., SN 1885A, SN 1939B, SN 2002bj,SN 2010X) were hypothesized to be produced by the detonation of a helium shellon a white dwarf, oxygen-dominated ejecta are difficult to reconcile with thisproposed mechanism. We find that the properties of SN 2005ek are consistentwith either the edge-lit double detonation of a low-mass white dwarf or theiron-core collapse of a massive star, stripped by binary interaction. However,if we assume that the strong spectroscopic similarity of SN 2005ek to other SNIc is an indication of a similar progenitor channel, then a white-dwarfprogenitor becomes very improbable. SN 2005ek may be one of the lowest massstripped-envelope core-collapse explosions ever observed. We find that the rateof such rapidly declining Type I events is at least 1-3% of the normal SN Iarate.

The Fast and Furious Decay of the Peculiar Type Ic Supernova 2005ek