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We estimate the reddening and distance of the nearest starburst galaxy IC 10using deep near infrared $JHK_{S}$ photometry obtained with the Multi-ObjectInfraRed Camera and Spectrograph (MOIRCS) on the Subaru telescope. We estimatethe foreground reddening toward IC 10 using $UBV$ photometry of IC 10 from theLocal Group Survey, obtaining $E(B-V)=0.52\pm 0.04$ mag. We derive the totalreddening including the internal reddening, $E(B-V)=0.98\pm 0.06$ mag, using$UBV$ photometry of early-type stars in IC 10 and comparing $JHK_{S}$photometry of red giant branch stars in IC 10 and the SMC. Using the 2MASSpoint source catalog of 20 Galactic globular clusters, we derive a relationbetween the metallicity [Fe/H]$_{CG97}$ and the slope of the red giant branchin the $K_{S}- (J-K_{S})$ color-magnitude diagram. The mean metallicity of thered giant branch stars in IC 10 is estimated to be[Fe/H]$_{CG97}=-1.08\pm0.28$. The magnitude of the tip of the red giant branch(TRGB) of IC 10 in the $K_{S}$ band is measured to be$K_{S,TRGB}=18.28\pm0.01$. Based on the TRGB method, we estimate the distancemodulus of IC 10 to be $(m-M)_{0}=24.27\pm0.03{\rm (random)}\pm0.18{\rm(systematic)}$, corresponding to the distance of $d=715\pm10\pm60$ kpc. Thisconfirms that IC 10 is a member of the Local Group.

Reddening and Distance of the Local Group Starburst Galaxy IC 10