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South Africa (SA) has more people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) than any other country in the world. Women infected with HIV have a higher risk of developing cervical dysplasia and cancer than women who are not infected.Objective: To ascertain the correlation between the World Health Organisation (WHO) HIV staging and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with abnormal Pap smear results of HIV-infected women attending a government hospital in Johannesburg, SA.Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed by reviewing Pap smears of 390 HIV-positive women. Adherence was measured by the patient’s report and viral load. Data was collected through the use of self-administered questionnaires.Results: The prevalence of abnormal Pap smears was 57% and low grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LGSIL) were the most common abnormality seen (142/390, 36%). WHO stage 3 participants were three times more likely to have abnormal Pap smears than those with...

southern african journal of infectious diseases

World Health Organisation staging, adherence to HAART and abnormal cervical smears amongst HIV-infected women attending a government hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa