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This paper studies the dyeing properties of wool fabrics dyed with aqueous extracts of madder roots, chamomiles, pomegranate peels, and apple tree branches (obtained after pruning) barks. We have thoroughly investigated the effects of dye bath pH and mordants on the color properties of the aforementioned fabrics. Even without mordanting, the wool fabrics dyed with the pomegranate peel have the highest value of color strength (K/S = 14). Mordanting permits to produce different colors and improve the fastness of a dye, especially for madder roots, chamomile, and apple tree branches bark. UV protection of wool fabrics increased after natural dyeing, and it was more improved after mordanting especially with ferrous sulfate. Experimental results show that the fastness properties of dyed wool fabrics range from average to excellent even without mordanting.

journal of natural fibers

UV Protection and Dyeing Properties of Wool Fabrics Dyed with Aqueous Extracts of Madder Roots, Chamomiles, Pomegranate Peels, and Apple Tree Branches Barks