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The phytochemical investigation of a previously unstudied species of the genus  Indigofera ,  I. atriceps  Hook.f. was undertaken and two new phenolic compounds, atricephenols A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ) were isolated, along with nine known secondary metabolites  viz ., (-)-melilotocarpan D ( 3 ), genistein ( 4 ), melilotocarpan A ( 5 ), maackiain ( 6 ),  p- hydroxybenzaldehyde ( 7 ), bornesitol ( 8 ),  β -sitosterol ( 9 ), sitosterol-3- O -β-D-glucopyranoside ( 10 ) and stigmasterol-3- O -β-D-glucopyranoside ( 11 ). Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR spectroscopic analyses and HRESIMS, and by comparing their data with those reported in the literature. Compounds  1 ,  4 ,  7 – 11  were tested for their antibacterial efficacies and for their potential to inhibit the enzyme urease. Compounds  7  and  9  showed significant antibacterial activity against  Salmonella typhi  (ZOIs of 13 and 15 mm, respectively), while the best urease inhibition was measured for compound  9  with an IC 50  value of 18.6 µM, which is higher than that of the potent inhibitor, thiourea (IC 50  = 21.5 µM).

Atricephenols A and B, two phenolic compounds from Indigofera atriceps Hook.f. (Fabaceae)