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A new benzoic acid, 3-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)acetoxy]benzoic acid ( 1 ), and two new caffeoyl derivatives, methyl (3 E ,5 Z )-di- O -caffeoylquinate ( 2 ) and dhurrin 6′- O -caffeate ( 3 ), along with 20 known compounds were isolated from the leaves of  Ilex kaushue  collected in Vietnam. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1 D and 2 D NMR spectroscopy, and high-resolution MS spectrometry. The absolute configuration of  2  and  3  was unambiguously established by comparison of experimental and calculated ECD spectra and/or chemical reactivity. In addition, new compounds were evaluated for inhibitory effects of their tumor necrosis factor- α  (TNF- α ) production and cell cytotoxicity on lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264 macrophage cells. All of those moderately suppressed TNF- α  production in ratios of approximately 50% or higher at 25–100  µ M, without cell cytotoxicity.

New benzoic acid and caffeoyl derivatives with anti-inflammatory activities isolated from leaves of Ilex kaushue