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Given that some  Verbascum  species are effective against influenza viruses, an endemic species,  Verbascum pseudoholotrichum  is thought to have the potential to be used in the treatment of virucidal diseases. It was extensively investigated for its antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, chemical and trace element composition. The soxhlet extraction method was applied in the extraction process of the above-ground parts of the plant using three solvents (methanol, ethanol and water). The total phenolic content of extracts was between 175.7 and 186.1 mg GAE/100 g on the dried weight basis. DPPH radical scavenging activity analysis was performed and IC 50  values were 0.539–1.254 mg mL −1 . In total, 38 compounds were detected by GC–MS analysis. ICP-MS analysis was applied to identify the total contents of 24 elements in dried samples. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was evaluated on six different pathogens using the spectrophotometric microdilution technique. The obtained minimum inhibitory concentration values were 17.37 µ–113.9 µg mL −1  at the end of the 24-h incubation. The highest and lowest inhibition zones were 5.0 and 0.3 mm for ethanol extract against  Bacillus subtilis  and water extract against  Enterococcus fecalis , respectively, and no resistance was seen against  Escherichia coli  using disc diffusion method.

Evaluation of chemical composition, trace element content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Verbascum pseudoholotrichum