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Our knowledge of the difference in maternal and neonatal gut microbiota composition is not fully understood. Using the Bama miniature pig model, the bacterial community in the feces from sows and piglets was analyzed on an IonS5TMXL platform targeting the single-end reads strategy. Results revealed that the maternal and neonatal bacteria profile in the pig model was distinct. Compared with the piglets, sows had higher proportions of bacteria in  Spirochetes ,  Clostridiales , and  Spirochaetales  ( p  &lt; 0.10) and had a lower abundance of bacteria in  Tyzzerella  ( p  &lt; 0.05) and  Alistipes  ( p  &lt; 0.10). Meanwhile, the proportions of bacteria in  Oscillibacter  and the index of Chao1, Shannon, and observed_species increased in the sows compared with those in the piglets ( p  &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the abundance of bacteria associated with the human disease was higher ( p  &lt; 0.05) and the population of bacteria associated with cellular processes was lower ( p  &lt; 0.05) in the piglets compared with those in the sows. Collectively, the diversity and beneficial bacteria populations in the sow fecal microbiota exhibit more than those in the piglets. This study indicates that maternal fecal microbiota may be a beneficial source of transplanted bacteria to promote healthy function in neonates.

Comparison of maternal and neonatal gut microbial community and function in a porcine model