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In the present study, a numerical model is developed to simulate the soil moisture flow and root water uptake under the limiting conditions in the root zone. The model solves the Richards equation by a mass conservative fully implicit finite difference scheme. The model is applied to two problems, i.e. numerical experiments on wheat grown in silt loam and sandy loam soils with three saline irrigations (with electrical conductivities 0.5, 15, 30 dS/m), and field irrigation experiments on rice crop grown with saline irrigations (with electrical conductivities 0.5, 7.9, 14.7 dS/m) with varying matric and osmotic stress conditions. The results show that the model performs well for both the cases and can be used for simulating root water uptake and scheduling of irrigation events. The model finds application in predicting root zone soil moisture for scheduling irrigation events for optimum crop yield in different agro-climate conditions, where treated waste water is used in conjunction with fresh water.

A numerical model for simulating soil moisture dynamics and root water uptake under saline irrigation