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A molecular phylogeny of  Tinocladia  and  Eudesme  based on specimens covering a large proportion of the known species was done using mitochondrial  cox 1 and  cox 3, chloroplast  atp B,  psa A,  psb A and  rbc L genes and 5.8S rDNA and its ITS2 region sequences. The phylogeny revealed a close phylogenetic relationship between the two genera and the occurrence of a cryptic species within the generitype  T. crassa. Eudesme  species ( E. borealis, E. shandongensis  and the generitype  E. virescens ) showed a sister relationship with the northern hemisphere  Tinocladia  ( T. crassa , including a cryptic sister species  T. pseudocrassa  sp. nov., and  T. sanrikuensis ), whereas southern hemisphere  Tinocladia  ( T. australis, T. falklandica, T. novae-zelandiae , and a cryptic species from New Zealand) nested in the  Eudesme  clade. Morphologically,  Tinocladia  species have been distinguished from  Eudesme  by their denser medullary filaments and more extensive subcortical layer, but our molecular phylogenetic analyses suggest that these features do not correlate with genetic differences. The  cox 3 sequence divergence between northern hemisphere  Tinocladia  and the lineage that includes  Eudesme  and southern hemisphere  Tinocladia  was comparable to or smaller than those within selected ectocarpalean genera. We therefore propose to merge  Tinocladia  with  Eudesme  and resurrect  Eudesme crassa  (Suringar) Okamura for  T. crassa . Although the two independent lineages of  T. crassa  do not show marked morphological differences, they are genetically isolated even in sympatric populations. We therefore propose to treat them as independent species. In this paper we neotypify  Tinocladia crassa  (= Eudesme crassa ), describe  E. pseudocrassa  sp. nov., and determine that the Californian population of  E. crassa  is an introduction from Northeast Asia. HIGHLIGHTS •A taxonomic revision of  Eudesme  and  Tinocladia , based on genetic and morpho-anatomy, provides evidence to merge  Tinocladia  with  Eudesme . •The finding of cryptic species in New Zealand highlights the need for further taxonomic studies in this region. •The genetic data have revealed the occurrence of a cryptic species within  T. crassa  in Japan.

european journal of phycology

Taxonomic revision of  Tinocladia  (Ectocarpales  s.l ., Phaeophyceae): merger of  Tinocladia  with  Eudesme  and description of  E. pseudocrassa  sp. nov