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The increase in drug resistance over the last two decades is a big threat in health care settings. More importantly, the dissemination of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is the major threat to public health with an increase in morbidity and mortality. β-lactamase is known to confer enteric bacteria with nearly complete resistance to all β-lactam antibiotics including the late-generation carbapenems. The commercially available β-lactamase inhibitors, clavulanic acid, sulbactam, and tazobactam are being met with an increasing number of resistant phenotypes and are ineffective against pathogens harbouring New Delhi metallo- β -lactamase (NDM-1). Inhibition of New Delhi metallo- β -lactamase-1 activity is one potential way to treat metallo β-lactamase (MBL) producing multi drug resistant (MDR) pathogen. The present study focused on screening of  Klebsiella pneumoniae  New Delhi metallo- β -lactamase-1 (BLIs) from endophytic  Streptomyces  spp. using  in vitro  and  in silico  methods. The study identified three potential inhibitors of New Delhi metallo- β -lactamase-1, namely dodecanoic acid,  dl -alanyl -l -leucine and phenyl propanedioic acid. These molecules were found to bind to other MBLs namely, IMP-1 and VIM-2. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first kind of study reporting the binding mode of these molecules with New Delhi metallo- β -lactamase-1. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma

In vitro and in silico screening of Klebsiella pneumoniae new Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 inhibitors from endophytic Streptomyces spp.