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Microgrids with renewable energy sources have the foremost challenge of sustaining its frequency and voltage profile within limits. The scheme becomes more complex when they are connected through a network. The renewable energy sources are sporadic in nature. Therefore, they need to be supported by diesel/biogas-based system due to load variation or input power to a renewable energy-based system; the power requirement backing is met through diesel/biogas generators. In this paper, two independent clusters are considered as microgrids and they are interconnected through a Low Voltage AC line. The hybrid system modelled consists of wind, solar, and biogas based generating plant. One of the microgrids is connected to the main grid as well as draws power from the other microgrid. Since interconnection is through the AC line, therefore, to maintain synchronism the controller should act fast and are tuned accordingly. Fractional order proportional–integral controllers have been used due to its faster response, additional tuning parameter, and less effect on performance due to external disturbances. Controllers are tuned such that whenever there is a disturbance due to an increase/decrease in system load or input power to the renewables the biogas-based generator of individual microgrid increases/decreases its generation to support the system requirement. No extra power is drawn either from the LVAC network or Main Grid as desired. Modelling of System and its dynamic Study has been carried out in Matlab/Simulink. The controller is tuned using Integral Square Method criteria.

Interconnection of Rural Microgrids and its Control