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A green mode of simultaneous homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction combined with dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction assisted by sodium sulphate has been developed for the extraction and pre-concentration of some phthalate esters and di-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate from different aqueous samples prior to their determination by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In this method, an appropriate mixture of sodium sulphate solution (phase separation agent and disperser solvent) containing  iso -propanol (extraction solvent) is hastily injected into an aqueous solution containing sodium sulphate and selected analytes. By doing so, the extractant is dispersed as tiny droplets into the aqueous phase. After centrifuging extractant containing the analytes is collected on the top of the aqueous phase. Under the optimum conditions, limits of detection and quantification were obtained in the ranges of 14–33, and 47–110 ng L –1 , respectively. The enrichment factors and extraction recoveries of the phthalate esters ranged from 395 to 470 and 79–94%, respectively.

international journal of environmental analytical chemistry

Simultaneous homogeneous liquid–liquid microextraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for extraction of some plasticizers from polymeric containers and aqueous samples