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Iron recovered from acid mine drainage (AMD) waters effluent and introduced as an advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) source, namely, Fenton reagent (FR) for municipal wastewater (MWW) treatment. Acid mine drainage-based Fenton reagent’s (AMD-FR) experiments were carried out in a lab-scale facility and various operating parameters such as reaction time, solution pH, AMD as the iron source dose and H 2 O 2  concentration were investigated. Box–Behnken design was applied to optimise the multiple variables and a mathematical model was developed with a high correlation coefficient ( R 2   = 96%). The maximum Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) removal reached 73% within 30 min of reaction time. Optimum AMD sludge introduced to the system was 41 mg/L and H 2 O 2  of 398 mg/L at the optimum operating pH 2.7. Kinetic study of AMD-FR revealed that COD removal followed the second-order reaction kinetic model. Thermodynamic analysis of the results with positive values of enthalpy (∆H`) suggested the endothermic nature of the reaction. Positive Gibbs free energy of activation (∆G`) and negative entropy of activation (∆S`) values verified the non-spontaneous nature of the oxidation reaction with a low energy of activation barrier (55.59 kJmol −1 ).

Iron recovery from acid mine drainage sludge as Fenton source for municipal wastewater treatment