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Moxifloxacin (MOX) is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone and a broad spectrum antibiotic used in the management of bacterial keratitis (BK). This investigation aimed to formulate MOX-loaded chitosan/pectin cationic polyelectrolyte nanocapsules (CPNCs) for the effective topical treatment of BK. Physicochemical properties like nanocapsule size, charge, drug entrapment efficiency (EE), viscosity, pH, and  in-vitro  release profile of CPNCs were evaluated. The  in-vitro  antibacterial activity of CPNCs and marketed formulations (MFs) was studied against  Staphylococcus aureus. Ex-vivo  corneal permeation studies of CPNCs were evaluated with the help of a modified diffusion apparatus, which was used with goat cornea. The pharmacodynamic study was performed with optimized CPNCs on a BK-induced rabbit eye model and compared with MF. The optimized nanocapsules appeared as positive charge (+19.91 ± 0.66) with a nano size (242.0 ± 0.30 nm) as calculated by the dynamic light scattering method. The  in-vitro  release profile of CPNCs exhibited sustained release properties.  The ex-vivo  permeation pattern also supported the improved drug permeation through the cornea from CPNCs as compared with MF. Draize irritation studies confirmed that the prepared formulation is compatible with the corneal tissue.  The in-vivo  study concluded that the antibacterial activity of CPNCs was improved when evaluated with MF. The obtained results showed that CPNCs were the better choice for the management of BK therapy due to its capability to improve the corneal adhesion of CPNCs through direct interaction with the mucous membrane of the corneal tissue.

Cationic Chitosan/Pectin Polyelectrolyte Nanocapsules of Moxifloxacin as Novel Topical Management System for Bacterial Keratitis