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Purpose:  This study investigated the effects of combined mouth rinse and topical application of L-menthol on perceptual responses and running performance under thermoneutral conditions (22 ± 2°C and 30–60% relative humidity).  Methods:  Twelve recreational male runners (age: 31.7 ± 3.8 years; age range: 27–39 years) completed a familiarization, a control test (CON) and two maximal 10-km time trials (counterbalanced randomized crossover design) performed in different days with a non-thermal cooling intervention (combined application of a L-menthol mouth rinse and topical L-menthol gel - MEN) or placebo (PLA). Performance and perceptual measures (thermal sensation, thermal comfort, ratings of perceived exertion and affective response) were recorded for every km completed in the 10-km test.  Results:  Performance time was lower in MEN ( P  = 0.03) and PLA ( P  = 0.003) compared to CON, but no differences were found between MEN vs PLA ( P  = 1.00). All perceptual responses increased over time in all conditions ( P  &lt; 0.0001), but only the thermal sensation was lower ( P  = 0.01) in the MEN compared to CON.  Conclusion:  L-menthol strategies promote fresh sensations and may improve running performance in 10-km time trial in recreational runners, but the performance improvement could mainly be due to a placebo effect.

The Influence of L-menthol on Time Trial Running Performance in Recreational Runners