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This study was conducted to explore the effects of adding different amounts of exogenous inorganic nitrogen (Ca (NO 3 ) 2  1 mM marked as N1, Ca (NO 3 ) 2  5 mM marked as Nc and Ca (NO 3 ) 2  7 mM marked as N2) and inorganic phosphorus (NaH 2 PO 4  0.1 mM marked as P1, NaH 2 PO 4  1 mM marked as Pc and NaH 2 PO 4  8 mM marked as P2) on the physiological and biochemical processes of Jerusalem artichoke under salt stress (150 mM NaCl marked as S). Low N caused large inhibition on growth and net photosynthetic rates, while the increased applications of N and P alleviated the adverse effects. Data showed that applications of low or high concentrations of N or P largely inhibited plant growth, and the adverse effects were more evident under salt. Moderate concentrations of N and P (NcPc) caused significant increase in the accumulation of biomass, total N content and photosynthesis. Moreover, K + , Ca 2+ , and Mg 2+  content were improved and Na +  content decreased in leaves at NcPc. Analyses of stem anatomy showed that vascular less developed and phloem partially detached at low N and P concentrations. Cells were orderly arranged and vascular well developed at high concentrations of N and P. The results suggested that moderate application rates of N and P improved growth through enhanced photosynthesis and sustain ion status especially Na +  and K +  equilibrium under salt stress. Our study provided valuable insights into strategies to manage N and P nutrition for crops in saline soils.

Effect of inorganic nitrogen and phosphorous on morphology, ion uptake and photosynthesis activity in Jerusalem artichoke plants under salt stress