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Therapeutic advances in the treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have increased the number of survivors but have promoted the development of long-term side effects, the best documented of which is obesity. The present retrospective case series analyzed data collected at diagnosis, end of treatment, and last follow-up visit of 210 ALL survivors treated between August 2005 and October 2014. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected from medical records. The nutritional diagnosis was based on  z -scores of height-for-age (H/AZ) and body mass index-for-age (BMI/AZ) for males and females provided by the World Health Organization. H/AZ decreased and BMI/AZ increased between baseline and end of treatment, followed by H/AZ catch-up at follow-up. The prevalence of excess weight on the three occasions was 24.3%, 38.3, and 43.3%, respectively. Baseline excess weight (adjusted OR: 12.2; 95% CI: 5.5–27.0) and the ALL risk group (adjusted OR: 2.89; 95% CI: 1.1–7.6) were independently associated with excess weight at the end of treatment, whereas baseline excess weight (adjusted OR: 8.50; 95% CI: 3.93–18.40) and linear growth (adjusted OR: 2.02; 95% CI: 1.05–3.88) were independently associated with excess weight at follow-up. The frequency of excess weight had increased significantly by the end of treatment and persisted at follow-up. Baseline excess weight was the main factor associated with excess weight at the end of treatment and follow-up.

Excess Weight among Survivors of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Survivors Treated at a Center in Northeast Brazil