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The Stefan column was designed in the 19th century to allow the experimental estimation of binary gas diffusion coefficients starting with a pure volatile liquid A placed at the bottom overlaid with a stagnant/inert gas B. A sweeping B stream was provided at the top to remove the diffused gas A. In 1959, Richardson first studied a two-component liquid mixture in the Stefan column. One of his systems, a high-density volatile liquid A (carbon tetrachloride) dissolved in a low-density nonvolatile liquid O (dibutyl phthalate), is of interest to our ongoing research efforts. He collected interfacial descent-time data in his single isothermal Stefan column experiment, and analyzed them with a diffusion transport model, which contained unnecessary assumptions and simplifications, to obtain the binary liquid diffusivity of A in O,  DAO . The present study removes the major restrictions of the previous model, reanalyzing the reported data with an improved numerical diffusion model that includes realistic features of the one-dimensional transport problem and statistical information on the estimated  DAO . The average ± standard deviation of  DAO  were 8.82E-10 ± 1.85E-15 m 2 /s (12 data points), with an error of −13.3% relative to the Richardson value. The new model also provides detailed insight on the diffusive transport dynamics of liquid A by predicting interfacial descent rates, instantaneous concentration profiles in the liquid phase, and the time-dependent fraction of the mass of A lost from the original solution. The model is valuable to chemical engineering researchers studying diffusion–evaporation phenomena and multicomponent distillation processes.

chemical engineering communications

Theoretical reassessment of the first Stefan diffusion column experiment with a two-component liquid phase, consisting of a high-density volatile solvent and a low-density nonvolatile diluent