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The residual responses of crops to phosphate fertilizers in weathered soils depend on the mineralogy and the nature of the phosphate reaction residue formed by soil–phosphate interactions. The study examined the metastable phosphate residues formed from soil-phosphate interactions along a tropical semi-arid toposequence by solubility criteria principles after soil-phosphate incubation for 28 weeks. The powder X-ray diffraction of the sand and silt-sized particles showed the dominance of K-feldspars in association with quartz and muscovite, while the oriented clay fractions indicated a preponderance of kaolinite and illite derived from the weathering of K-feldspars that were the surviving primary silicates in the soils. Soil-phosphate incubation with 12.5 mmol P kg −1  for 28 weeks showed, by the 7 th  week, phosphate,, activities in apparent equilibrium with montgomeryite, Ca 2 Al 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH).7(H 2 O), solubility at pH ≥ 6.0. After 28 weeks, the HPO 42-  activities were in apparent equilibrium with hydroxyapatite, Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 OH at the pH range of 6.5 to 7.2. The study provides an indirect evidence of the existence of montgomeryite as the potential metastable phosphate residue of soil-phosphate reactions in these slightly acid tropical semi-arid soils, before reverting to the more stable hydroxyapatite with time.

communications in soil science and plant analysis

Soil Mineralogy and Applied Phosphate Transformation in a Toposequence of a Tropical Semi-arid Landscape: Montgomeryite [Ca 2 Al 2 (PO 4 ) 3 (OH).7H 2 O] as the Possible Metastable Phosphate Transformation Residue