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Exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) is an effective technique used widely to meet current emission regulations. In this work, the mechanism of H 2 O and CO 2  addition (a main component of exhaust gas) on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, the precursor of soot) formation was investigated numerically in ethanol diffusion flames, motivated by current concerns on particulate matter (PM) emissions when ethanol is applied to modern gasoline engines, especially under high load and temperature. To understanding the underlying mechanisms of H 2 O and CO 2  on ethanol flame, a comprehensive chemical kinetic analysis was performed by modeling gas-phase chemistry with PAHs formation up to pyrene. In order to distinguish the important chemical role of H 2 O and CO 2  addition through partial replacement of N 2  from their thermal effects, additional calculations were performed with two fictitious species. The numerical results show that the thermal effect of H 2 O and CO 2  reduces the peak flame temperature, but their chemical effect influences the peak flame temperature differently. The results also showed that the addition of either H 2 O or CO 2  led to a significant reduction of PAHs via thermal and chemical effects. The chemical suppressing effect of H 2 O and CO 2  addition on PAHs formation was identified and attributed to reduced PAHs precursor species and slow of PAH growth process. However, reaction pathway analysis showed that the chemical effects of H 2 O and CO 2  influence the PAHs chemistry differently.

Chemical Effects of CO 2 and H 2 O Addition on Aromatic Species in Ethanol/Air Diffusion Flame