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Significance Microglia have a special spatiotemporal distribution during the development of the cerebral cortex. The molecular mechanisms that coordinate microglial development are not yet fully understood. In this study, we analyzed and revealed a critical function of H2A.Z.2 in the regulation of microglial development in NPCs through analysis of NPC-/microglia-specific H2A.Z.2 KO mice. We found that, in the brains of early embryos, H2A.Z.2 controls the development of microglia by negatively regulatingCxcl14 transcription in cooperation with G9a in NPCs. Interestingly, we also found that knockout of H2A.Z.2 in microglia has no significant effect on the development of microglia. Taken together, we have demonstrated the crucial role of H2A.Z.2 in microglial development through homeostatic regulation of the expression of Cxcl14 in NPCs.

Neural progenitor cells mediated by H2A.Z.2 regulate microglial development via Cxcl14 in the embryonic brain