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Significance Root exudation of metabolites is an important mediator of plant interactions with soil microbes. Here we demonstrate that the tomato rhizosphere microbiome affects the chemical composition of root exudation through a systemic root–root signaling mechanism. We termed this process SIREM (systemically induced root exudation of metabolites) and showed that specific microbial colonization of the “local-side” root modulates the exudate composition at the “systemic side.” For example,Bacillus subtilis modulates systemic exudation of the renowned acylsugars insecticides. We also discovered that glycosylated azelaic acid is microbiome induced and might act in SIREM. The results suggest that microbiome-reprogrammed systemic root exudation promotes soil conditioning and pave the way for deeper understanding of how microbiota modulate root metabolism and secretion.

Rhizosphere microbiome mediates systemic root metabolite exudation by root-to-root signaling