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Significance Copper is an essential metal ion facilitating many biological functions. To avoid the toxicity of free copper, there are protein-based transport systems that deliver the metal to copper-dependent enzymes. Tumors have high demands for copper, but it is unclear why. Thus it is of importance to reveal copper-binding proteins involved in cancer progression. This work investigated the putative role of a copper-binding protein, Antioxidant 1 copper chaperone (Atox1), in breast cancer cell migration, which is a key step in cancer metastasis. We demonstrated that Atox1 is needed for efficient cell migration and identify partner proteins. Since primary breast tumors with high levels of Atox1 correlate with poorer patient survival, Atox1 may be a biomarker of metastatic breast cancer.

Single-cell tracking demonstrates copper chaperone Atox1 to be required for breast cancer cell migration