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Significance Toxoplasma gondii infects a wide range of animals, including humans, where it can form chronic persistent infections for the life of the host. We demonstrate that the parasiteT. gondii secretes an effector protein called TgIST that traffics to the host cell nucleus, binds to STAT1/STAT2 heterodimers, and blocks signaling through type I interferon (IFN). TgIST globally blocks induction of IFN-stimulated genes normally up-regulated by IFN-β, including those involved in innate defense pathways. Type I IFN is important for control of chronic infection byT. gondii in the central nervous system, and the ability of the parasite to modulate this pathway contributes to chronic persistence.

Toxoplasma gondii effector TgIST blocks type I interferon signaling to promote infection