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Holder et al. (1) speculate that fipronil (a phenylpyrazole insecticide), rather than imidacloprid (a neonicotinoid), caused mass mortalities of honeybees ( Apis mellifera ) in France. The paper provides laboratory experimental data contributing to the knowledge of the toxicity of fipronil and its sulfone metabolite to honeybees. However, its claim that “fipronil is a credible cause of the mass mortalities of honey bees that were associated with agricultural sunflower in France during the 1990s” is not supported by published data, which are not cited in ref. 1. Seed treatment was the main use of fipronil in Europe, and thus this Letter focuses on this.To estimate the impact on honeybee mortality rates … [↵][1]2To whom correspondence may be addressed. Email: juan.pascual{at}basf.com. [1]: #xref-corresp-1-1

A speculative claim of mass mortalities of honeybee colonies caused by fipronil in France is not supported by published field data