English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Significance Bacteria secrete enzymes into the environment to digest macromolecules into smaller molecules that can be used as nutrients for growth. Secreted enzymes have potential benefits but also entail costs in the form of biomass and energy. How do bacteria determine how much of them to make? Using a system in which nutrient acquisition requires production of secreted enzymes, we infer that bacteria produce secreted signals in proportion to the benefit they would receive from the action of secreted enzymes. Investment in secreted enzymes is adjusted according to the magnitude of those signals. Our model provides a framework that can be applied to bacterial growth in many environments from contaminated food to microbial communities within a host.

Investment in secreted enzymes during nutrient-limited growth is utility dependent