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Active fluids are a class of non-equilibrium systems where energy is injectedinto the system continuously by the constituent particles themselves. Manyexamples, such as bacterial suspensions and actomyosin networks, areintrinsically chiral at a local scale, so that their activity involves torquedipoles alongside the force dipoles usually considered. Although many aspectsof active fluids have been studied, the effects of chirality on them are muchless known. Here we study by computer simulation the dynamics of anunstructured droplet of chiral active fluid in three dimensions. Our model onlyconsiders the simplest possible combination of chiral and achiral activestresses, yet this leads to an unprecedented range of complex motilities,including oscillatory swimming, helical swimming, and run-and-tumble motion.Strikingly, while the chirality of helical swimming is the same as themicroscopic chirality of torque dipoles in one regime, the two are opposite inanother. Some of the features of these motility modes resemble those of somesingle-celled protozoa, suggesting that underlying mechanisms may be shared bysome biological systems and synthetic active droplets.

Contractile and chiral activities co-determine the helicity of swimming droplet trajectories