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Significance How plant roots initially sense osmotic stress in an environment of dynamic water availabilities remains largely unknown. Plants can perceive water limitation imposed by soil salinity or, potentially, by drought in the form of osmotic stress. Rapid osmotic stress-induced intracellular calcium transients provide the opportunity to dissect quantitatively the sensory mechanisms that transmit osmotic stress under environmental and genetic perturbations in plants. We describe a phenomenon whereby prior exposure to osmotic stress increases the sensitivity of the rapid calcium responses to subsequent stress. Further, mutations in plastidial K+ exchange antiporter (KEA)1/2 and KEA3 transporters were unexpectedly found to reduce the rapid osmotic stress-induced calcium elevation. These findings advance the understanding of the mechanisms underlying the rapid osmotic stress response in plants.

proceedings of the national academy of sciences of the united states of america

Rapid hyperosmotic-induced Ca <sup>2+</sup> responses in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> exhibit sensory potentiation and involvement of plastidial KEA transporters

Rapid hyperosmotic-induced Ca 2+ responses in Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit sensory potentiation and involvement of plastidial KEA transporters

Rapid hyperosmotic-induced Ca ²⁺ responses in Arabidopsis thaliana exhibit sensory potentiation and involvement of plastidial KEA transporters