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Deficiencies in boron, a microelement that is essential for the growth and development of higher plants, often cause problems in reproductive growth. Rhamnogalacturonan-II (RG-II) in cell wall pectin acts as the sole receptor for boron in plant cells, forming a borate cross-linked RG-II dimer (dRG-II-B), but the physiological functions of dRG-II-B remain unknown. We have previously shown that the pectin glucuronyltransferase 1 geneNpGUT1 , which is involved in the biosynthesis of RG-II sugar chains, is essential for the formation of the RG-II-B complex, resulting in tight intercellular attachment in meristematic tissues. BecauseNpGUT1 expression was found to be abundant in reproductive organs in addition to meristematic tissues, we analyzed the expression and functions ofNpGUT1 in more detail in tobacco reproductive tissues. SpecificNpGUT1 expression was detected in the tapetum of flower buds and in the pollen, pollen tube tips, and transmitting tissue of the pistils of flowers. Dexamethasone-induced expression of theNpGUT1 antisense gene in flower buds resulted in the formation of sterile flowers with aberrant development of pollen and transmitting tissue. Pollen tubes could not pass through pistils with aborted transmitting tissue, and expression of anNpGUT1 antisense gene in germinating pollen inhibited pollen tube elongation, accompanied by the absence of pectin RG-II and boron in the pollen tube tip. These results indicate that expression ofNpGUT1 is required for the development and functions of male and female tissues.

The gene responsible for borate cross-linking of pectin Rhamnogalacturonan-II is required for plant reproductive tissue development and fertilization