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Tunneling spectroscopy was performed on Nb pieces prepared by the sameprocesses used to etch and clean superconducting radio frequency (SRF)cavities. Air exposed, electropolished Nb exhibited a surface superconductinggap delta=1.55 meV, characteristic of clean, bulk Nb. However the tunnelingdensity of states (DOS) was broadened significantly. The Nb pieces treated withthe same mild baking used to improve the Q-slope in SRF cavities, reveal asharper DOS. Good fits to the DOS were obtained using Shiba theory, suggestingthat magnetic scattering of quasiparticles is the origin of the gapless surfacesuperconductivity and a heretofore unrecognized contributor to the Q-slopeproblem of Nb SRF cavities.

Tunneling study of cavity grade Nb: possible magnetic scattering at the surface